Graduate, Columbia University; Master's in Psychology, University of Pennsylvania. Formerly: teacher and researcher, Columbia University, New York City and Open Education Center, Englewood, New Jersey; researcher and Head, Estonian Desk, Radio Free Europe, Munich; 1993-96, Ambassador of Estonia to US, Canada and Mexico; 1996-98, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Estonia; 1998, North Atlantic Institute; returned to Minister of Foreign Affairs; 2002-04, Member of the Parliament, Estonia; 2004-06, Member, European Parliament. 2006-16, President of Estonia.