1969, MA (Hons), University of Edinburgh; 1969-70, studied at Nuffield College, Oxford. Since 1970, Fellow in Economics, St John's College, Oxford; 1971-78, Lecturer in Economics, University of Oxford; 1979-81, Research Director and 1981-86, Director, Institute for Fiscal Studies; 1986-96, Professor of Economics and 1986-91, Director, Centre for Business Strategy, London Business School; 1986-96, Chairman, London Economics Limited; 1997-99, Peter Moores Director, Said Business School, University of Oxford.