Law degree; HEC; IEP Paris; 1991, ENA. 1991-92, Finance Inspector; 1995-97, with offices of two French ministers; 1997-2002, Chief Executive Officer-delegate, then Group Vice-President, in charge of finance, CapGemini Ernst & Young; 2002-04, Deputy General Secretary to French President; 2004-08, Senior Adviser, McKinsey; 2005-09, Chairman, Supervisory Board, Areva. 2006-09, Member of the Board, Générale de Santé; 2009-13, Member of the Board, Legrand. Since April 2009, Chairman, Executive Board, Wendel. Member of the Board: Saint-Gobain; INSEAD. Vice President of the Board, Bureau Veritas. Recipient of awards and honours, including: Officer of the National Order of Merit; Knight of the National Order of the Legion of Honour.