1993, PhD in Mechanical Engineering, University of Surrey, UK. Until 2005, Lecturer and Researcher, University Dar es Salaam. Since 2005, Member of Parliament for Bagamoyo Constituency, United Republic of Tanzania; January 2006, Cabinet Minister for Livestock Development; October 2006 - February 2008, Minister for Water; February 2008, Minister for Communication, Science and Technology; May 2008 - November 2010, Minister for Infrastructure Development; since December 2010, Minister of Education and Vocational Training.